Showing posts with label Sherlock Holmes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Sherlock Holmes. Show all posts

Sunday, November 9, 2014

The Sleuth in Silence


The verdict has stood for over a century, and is now beyond appeal:  The public cannot get enough of Sherlock Holmes.   Conan Doyle, at the end of his inkwell, tried to kill him off, to no avail;  he only finally shuffled off that tenacious coil  by the clever expedient of dying himself.  What to do?

One approach is to author, or discover, new Holmesian tales.  (We have ourselves presented such to an expectant audience, here and here.)

Another is to transfer the written word into another medium, principally the stage or screen.   And there is surprising recent news about two such efforts, back in the time of the silents:

A Study in Scarlet was made in 1914 but no known copies of the film exist
The film starred James Bragington as Sherlock Holmes.
"The film focuses on murder and intrigue amongst the Mormons in America."
http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-29333407

Baker Street Irregulars --  start tracking it!

The case presents certain features of interest ...


Meanwhile, some Gallic sleuths have run down this one:

A long lost, feature-length silent film starring Connecticut actor William Gillette as Sherlock Holmes was discovered earlier this month in France.
"It's too little to say that William Gillette resembles Sherlock Holmes; Sherlock Holmes looks exactly like William Gillette," said Orson Welles.

For over 30 years, Connecticut actor William Gillette played Sherlock Holmes on stage, logging more than 1,300 performances. According to Henry Zecher, author of William Gillette, America's Sherlock Holmes, Gillette shaped the modern image of Arthur Conan Doyle's British sleuth.

"Gillette created the image," Zecher said. "He wore the deerstalker cap; he smoked the pipe, the dressing gown in his rooms at Baker Street; the phrase, 'It's elementary, my dear Watson,' although the words are in the Sherlock Holmes canon by Doyle, they were put together like that by Gillette. He personified Holmes."

Gillette's long career was winding down as motion pictures and audio recording were in their infancy. Until very recently this audio clip was believed to be the only existing record, besides still images, of Gillette as Sherlock Holmes.
http://wnpr.org/post/feature-length-film-william-gillette-sherlock-holmes-discovered-french-archives

You can listen to the clip at that site.

Saturday, May 24, 2014

History of the Miranda Warning


Many Americans (particularly in the ornery mood that the country is in now) probably imagine that the right against self-incrimination as currently enshrined in the Miranda Warning was some kind of new-fangled liberalistic criminal-coddling innovation  dreamed up by the Warren Court, sparked by the case of some perp who was probably guilty as hell.   Of course, it is basically a pretty straightforward application of the Fifth Amendment to that Communist tract known as the Constitution of the United States.   But let all that lie.  Our purpose here is more along the lines of the literary.

Wikipedia, that invaluable über-solon, notes English precedent, citing evidence from, of all things, some classic novels (and two of my favorite, in fact):

Warnings regarding the right against self-incrimination may have originated in England and Wales. In 1912, the judges of the King's Bench issued the Judges' Rules. These provided that, when a police member had admissible evidence to suspect a person of an offence and wished to question that suspect about an offence, the officer should first caution the person that he was entitled to remain silent. However, the warning about the possibility of anything the suspect said being potentially used against him predates even that: it appears for example in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's novel The Sign of the Four, published in 1890 (Chapter 6: Sherlock Holmes Gives a Demonstration"):

    "Mr. Sholto, it is my duty to inform you that anything which you may say will be used against you. I arrest you in the Queen’s name as being concerned in the death of your brother.”

as well as G. K. Chesterton's novel The Ball and the Cross, published in 1909 (Chapter X: "The Swords Rejoined"):

    "No, sir," said the sergeant; "though most of the people talk French. This is the island called St. Loup, sir, an island in the Channel. We've been sent down specially from London, as you were such specially distinguished criminals, if you'll allow me to say so. Which reminds me to warn you that anything you say may be used against you at your trial."

It is rare indeed that I can bring forward anything to correct or complement Wikipedia;  but in the spirit of an etymologist (which for a time was my day-job) bringing forward an Earliest Attestation,  let me present this one, from Bleak House, published in 1853:

“Now, George: duty, as you know very well, is one thing, and conversation is another.  It’s my duty to inform you that any observations you may make  will be liable to be used against you.  Therefore, George, be careful what you say.  You don’t happen to have heard of a murder?”
“Murder!”
“Now, George, bear in mind what I’ve said to you.  I ask you nothing.  I say, you don’t happen to have heard of a murder?”


The highlighted passage sounds as though it might be echoing some formal written text.  But a few chapters later, when the inspector gets his hands upon the actual murderess -- a Frenchwoman -- he addresses her in less formal terms:

“I’ll give you a piece of advice, and it’s this.  Don’t you talk too much.  You’re not expected to say anything here, and you can’t keep too quiet a tongue in your head.  In short, the less you Parlay, the better, you know.”

The limb of the law who utters these sterling words, is none other than Inspector Bucket, whom duty compels  to arrest a friend.  And here in Bleak House, we have another precedent as well, since Inspector Bucket is regularly cited as a forerunner of the fictional detective, thus helping to launch the whole illustrious genre of the whodunit, in which the island of England long outstripped every other race.  Indeed, the success of that stream of fiction, and the subtlety and decency of English criminal code, are not unrelated.  You would never have an Hercule Poirot in a dictatorship.

Mind what you say, now ...


~

Literary post-note:
The accused in this case, the old trooper George, himself takes a stoic, manly stance towards the warning he has been given:

“I must come off clear and full  or not at all.  Therefore, when I hear stated against me  what is true, I say it’s true;  and when they tell me, ‘whatever you say will be used,’ I tell them I don’t mind that;  I mean it to be used.  If they can’t make me innocent out of the whole truth, they are not likely to do it out of anything less, or anything else.  And if they are, it’s worth nothing to me.”
-- Bleak House, chapter LII

Moreover, he refuses a lawyer:  “I don’t take kindly to the breed.”

Altogether, the old trooper George is one of Dickens’ most admirable creations (or evocations).  And he is brought stunningly to life in the audiobook reading by David Case (a.k.a. Frederick Davidson), who likewise did a memorable job with the related (but still distinct) character of Major Bagstock in in audiobook of Dombey and Son.

~
 For more on Bleak House:

      A scholium ad "A Lost Fragment of 'Our Mutual Friend'"

.

 

Monday, April 28, 2014

A Narrow Escape



            It was natural that Sherlock Holmes and Father Brown should eventually meet.   Either had of course heard of the exemplary casework of the other, and regarded it with respect, if not perhaps with total comprehension, their habitual modus of approach to problems of what the newspapers call crimes, being so disparate  or even occasionally at variance.  And Brown  having once replied to the great sleuth’s standing invitation to drop by for a visit, should chance or industry ever take him up to London, that he would be pleased to do so, it was only natural that, when fate eventually did so send him (not upon any detectival matter, but merely to attend a clerical conference at Westminster), he should telegram the time of his expected arrival, and prove as good as his word.
            What was much less natural, on the plain secular face of it, though in the end it seemed to have been fated (and this by a Fate, that tempers the wind, to the full-wooled lamb  as well as the shorn), was that, during what had been intended to be a largely social visit, with exchange of anecdotes over refreshments (English stout for the priest, and some sort of white powder for the host) and sharing of professional particulars,  a sudden inruption of circumstances  should have ordained that the two of them should collaborate on a delicate and highly enigmatic case, involving life and death -- indeed, tied up with something more serious than either of these.


            They were both relaxing comfortably in their respective chairs, and Holmes was about to entertain his clerical visitor (who seemed not to be inclined, unprompted, to make show of any little adventures of his own) with the remarkable Case of the Speckled Penguin (withheld from Watson’s published record, as being too choice for vulgar consumption) when there came a knock upon the oak, faint at first, then firmer, then quickly overloud.    With a glance of annoyance, Holmes rose and strode over, and flung open the door.  There upon the threshold stood a young man of perhaps six-and-twenty winters, of something above medium height, not badly made, and of muscular build.   His attire was sober, even plain,  his head uncovered.  Yet after a moment’s hesitation, he drew himself up to his full stature, and made his entrance, casting only the most cursory glances on either side.  Holmes waved him on, with a controlled approximation of courtesy, despite his pique at the interruption, to the rather stiff and elegant formal seat that was reserved for visitors; but this visitor just shook his head.
            “I shall avail myself of the comfortable chair, if you don’t mind,” he said, on a tone that implied:  and even if you do.  Then, suiting deed to the word, he settled himself upon the very chair that Holmes himself had just now been occupying.  And then, glancing about for a hassock and finding none, with no further words but a Cheshire smile, planted his polished boots upon the little display table of Chinese curios, knocking two or three of them aside in the process.   And finally, taking his time, and without taking his gaze off Holmes’ now astonished face,  slowly and deliberately  lit a cigarette.
            Holmes knew better than to display any temper, or even to allow any emotion within himself, to distract him from the task at hand;  but concentrated all of his considerable energies  into observation of the keenest sort, reading clues off, one upon the other, from the most insignificant details:  the way a physician (such as his friend and amanuensis Doctor Watson, presently out of town) may, from the most minute murmurs and smudges, deduce the presence of a fatal illness.   Meanwhile, from the antique clock on the mantelpiece, the seconds, in their measured way, ticked by.

                        Holmes, saying nothing, giving nothing away, waited for the stranger to find his own moment to speak.  At length he did.
            “I come to you about the matter of the kidnapping of young lord Euston.”
            Though accustomed to illustrious cases, Holmes was inwardly surprised that this unprepossessing specimen of an English lout should be in any way connected to this one.
            “I have heard of it, of course,” replied Holmes coolly, “although it has not yet appeared in the papers.  The only son and heir to the dukedom, snatched while on an outing with his careless, or possibly complicit nurse.”
            The stranger nodded meaningfully.  “She has since been sent away.”
            “A curly blond boy, dressed in the suit of Her Majesty’s navy, about six years of age --“
            “Not quite;  still five.”
            “And so, what -- you come on behalf of the duke?  You are engaging my services on his authority?”   Rather an insolent emissary, if so, but no doubt some of the innate aristocratic arrogance of his ducal Grace  had rubbed off on his subordinate.
            “In a sense I do,” the other returned, with a smirk.  “I do, in the sense that I wish him well -- wish him well in the sense, that I desire him to see his young son again, alive and unharmed.  I am empowered, on my own authority, to oversee the transfer of funds -- no, not to yourself, as your finder’s fee, should you succeed in locating the lad (which you shall not, for reasons to be explained):  but to an account that I control, in a place to be named:  as a ransom.” 
            In the face of Holmes’ uncharacteristic speechlessness, the astonishing stranger’s glance passed from the imposing aquiline visage of the great London detective, to the round, blinking face of the little priest.   At sight of the latter, he startled, and his look became less certain, and lingered longer upon this  to all appearances  insignificant object, than one might have expected.   Holmes he had been mocking;  but he did not now mock the priest.
            Wrenching his attention back to the Baker Street shamus, though with a bit less bravado than before, he resumed.
            “You may wonder, that I make so bold, as baldly to present myself, unaccompanied and unarmed, at the lion’s very den.”
            “I do wonder.”
            “The gr-reat lion of detection.”
            Holmes mastered himself.
            “And yet I feel myself to be in as complete security, as were I -- as were I --“  Here he groped for a word.
            “In the right;  which you are not,” supplied the priest.
            The visitor hurriedly continued.  “I feel so because -- to make the thing explicit -- should you fail to follow my elaborate instructions to the letter, the Duke will never again see his son. -- Or not,” he added, with a curiously nervous glance at the priest, “not for a very long while, anyhow.”  Then, again glaring at the frigid Holmes:  “And should you yourself prove so foolish (as all the world knows you not to be) as to attempt to have me arrested, or to pursue this case on your own, not only do you not get the boy back, but you personally would be morally responsible for the loss, and for any harm that might come to the lad at the hands of my accomplices who are holding him, and would be, further, societally answerable to the wrath and long arm of the Duke.  Moreover, at some future time of their own choosing, my bloodthirsty accomplices in the field  might swoop down when you least anticipate, and exact a further, physical retribution, beyond any that the Duke might impose.”

            At this point, the priest, who unaccountably  seemed to have been enjoying this narrative, put in:
            “And these accomplices of yours, in the field as you say, -- are they quite as ruthless as you are?”
            The young man appeared perplexed at the intervention, and seemed actually to shrink in his chair;  but then puffed out his chest.  “More so!”
            At this, the little priest actually grinned.  “Like pirates!”
            Surprise, and then an answering expression of pleasure.  “Like the very worst!”    And, grinning back, he bared his teeth.
            Father Brown clapped his little round hands, and fell silent, having nothing to add.

            At the impudent challenge from his visitor, Holmes’ jaw had tightened, but the insult only steeled him in his resolve.
            “And how do I know, thou worse than worthless, that you have the least involvement or knowledge of this affair, which would appear to be far above your miserable attainments and low station?   Perhaps you merely overheard a leak from police headquarters, where I have no doubt you have often been a visitor, though not in any adjuvant capacity, the same as I did early this morning  from the good Lestrade.   Perchance you are a vulgar little guttersnipe, having no connection to the case, attempting to extract by guile  what you would by no means have had the simple manly courage to obtain by bolder action.”
            But here Holmes was mistaken, for that action had indeed been taken, and there was no fraud.   As authentication, the visitor silently tended, with the air of a bridge-player laying down trumps, two items:  a photograph;  and a small cloth cap which (so the stranger asserted) belonged to the small boy’s bear.   Holmes impatiently waved the puny article aside (“It could be anything,” he muttered to himself), but stared at the photo:  It showed the unmistakable likeness of their visitor, in the company of little lord Euston himself.
            At this point, unaccountably, and for reasons best known to himself, the little priest put in:   “Why just the cap, and not the bear itself?”
            The stranger seemed taken aback, and stammered an indecipherable reply;  but the priest seemed satisfied, and did not oblige the young man to continue.

            With that, the extortionist turned his attention back to Holmes, handing him a slip with bank instructions, and a large though not actually overly large figure written across the top, payable in pounds sterling.   “Now if you’ll excuse me,” he said, rising, and bowing slightly with mock, or perhaps actual politeness,  “I’ll be off, for I am in need of some refreshment.  Once my financial agents notify me of the successful transfer, you’ll get back the boy.”   With that, he bid them good day, and Holmes showed him to the door.
           
~

            So soon as they were alone, Holmes, who had been curt and subdued throughout the interview, came suddenly to a feverish life.  Bending down, he scraped from the Persian carpet a bit of dirt that had flaked off from their visitor’s boots upon entry;  and carefully assembled the cigarette-ash.   Each sample successively, he crumbled between his fingers, and sniffed.
            “It is as I thought,” he said.   “Clay of a sort found only around the Levonshire coal-pits -- quite possibly that is where they are holding the boy.   The cigarettes -- simple Woodbines, of the sort available to any laborer:   but scented with a hint of London porter, with which he had no doubt been steeling his courage before coming to us.   Further--  although this detail may have escaped your vigilance, Brown -- his dialect betrays his origin among the the hamlets of the Levonshire hills;  the burr is unmistakable.”    (Oddly, this latter fact had not indeed eluded the observation of the little priest, who, though quite insensible to the attractions of dirt and cigarettes, did pay close attention to what men said, and to how they said it, and had on occasion attended to the rustic flock of that unprosperous province, patiently hearing them out, for all their uncouth burr.)  More than a little tickled at his own brilliance, Holmes twirled to his inspection  a minute nit which had adhered to their visitor’s costume and then come off against the fabric of the chair, swiftly identifying it as belonging to the insect Archiformia levonensis, native to Levonshire.


It must be conceded that the short detective had signally failed to be instructed by the spectacle of his more celebrated colleague in full forensic pursuit; for, instead of producing (Watson-like) a memorandum book, and assiduously noting down every detail of the Holmian analysis and technique, for the admiration of future generations, or even listening very closely to what was said,  Brown apparently reverted to his inner six-year-old, which was never far from the surface (and which indeed showed plainly  at all times  in the shape of his blinking moonface), as though oblivious to the pageant of deduction playing itself out before his eyes,  fell to examining the little cap, turning it this way and that, eventually placing it upon his own round head, where it perched uncertainly.   And there he sat, blissful yet thoughtful, as though it were his Thinking Cap.
            Though not a vain man, Holmes -- well, to be sure, he was a very vain man, crackling with insight and wit and the pride of it, but at all events, not vain about the sort of things that minor men are vain over -- his dress, his looks, the expense of his trinkets;  and though in no measure could he ever be considered as intellectually insecure, for he believed himself -- quite accurately, indeed anything less would have been false modesty (a vice of which Holmes was pleasingly and completely free) -- to be quite simply the most brilliant man in all the British Isles (not excluding Scotland and Wales;  Ireland  of course  might be safely left quite out of account in this regard), with no near rival whose advancing pre-eminence he need fear, least of all this modest and simple, perhaps even simple-minded little priest:  still and despite all that, Holmes did here experience a twinge or tic of something like resentment, as his splendor of ratiocination had been on full display, yet scarce remarked by the little provincial.   (It pains us to relate, that perhaps just for an instant, the mean thought did enter the great detective’s head, that perhaps that just went to show why, despite undeniable though difficult-to-characterize gifts, Brown was no more, at the end of the day, and on cold early-rising country mornings, than an obscure provincial priest.)
            “So-o, you have examined the hat,” remarked Holmes with a touch of acid.  (“The cap,” said Brown to himself.)  “Goo-ood.  And have you reached any conclusions?”
            Brown blinked, and then remembering where the item lay, gently removed it from his head.   He beheld it anew  with a kind of reverence.
            “It is homemade,” he said.  “Probably by the boy’s own mother.”
            Holmes snorted.  “One can see at a glance that the material is one of simple English wool, such as any shopgirl might have access to.  Neither silk, nor velvet, nor any lacework or damask.  And from this you conclude that it is the product of industry at the dukedom, a fit offering for the young heir himself?”
            “No,” said Brown, as mildly as can be.  “From this I conclude that it was made by a mother.”
            He shook the item gently, at which point a small and crumpled paper-napkin, of the sort that accompanies a drink or a dish of savouries  rather than a full meal, fluttered down from where it had been wadded in the crown.  It had stuck there, possibly owing to a trace of some reddish-brownish sticky substance.   Holmes regarded it sharply, but it was not blood.
            At that point,  Holmes largely lost interest;  some sort of spot of foodstuff, such as one might expect on a napkin, nothing more.   The object otherwise apparently yielded no clues, for it was imprinted with no writing evidencing its provenience, whether from Levonshire or elsewhere, only the commonplace, workmanlike design of a British lion together with that fanciful beast (actually believed-in by the medieval peasantry) known as the “unicorn”, the two of them solemnly engaged in something even more fanciful, a sort of dance.
            “Hmm,” mused Holmes.  “Not much of a clue.  That could come from anywhere in England.   If there were time, I might have the organic residue chemographically analyzed, to ascertain whether it may contain any trace of contact with Gorsica herbalensis (which grows only in East Levonshire) or  Herbaria furzonaria (largely confined to the west of that region -- consult my monograph on the subject). “
            Brown, meanwhile, had thoughtfully licked the tip of his finger.  “It’s chocolate,” he announced, brightening;  and then, as though whetted, he dipped it again in the sample, and repeated the assay.   “Rather good chocolate, too, and quite fresh.”
            Holmes could not repress a shudder of impatience at this imbecility.    “Well, enjoy your repast,” he said;  and then, as though partly repenting of his curtness to an inoffensive invited guest, by way of reconciliation  tendered the photograph, and sollicited his colleague’s professional assessment.  Brown stared at it a bit, then shuddered.  “He looks frightened,” he said.
            Surprised at the remark, Holmes snatched back the photo, and studied it briefly.  “Not unduly, I should say, considering that his life was and remains in danger.   In fact, if anything, he seems to regard it as something of a lark, like the countryside outing itself;  too young, perhaps, and too sheltered, to understand it as anything but another adventure.”
            “I didn’t mean the small boy,” said Brown.  “I meant the other  one.”
            Holmes could make nothing of the remark, but moved on to better business.  From inside his jacket, he flourished-forth a piece of paper of a more substantial and official sort than paper napkins from some pub.  “For myself, I concern myself with a much more revealing clue, one which even you, with your inveterate predilection for shadowy and spiritual concerns, to the exclusion of hard facts, will confess, possesses …”
            Here he paused;  and Brown placidly completed, “… certain features of interest.”
            “While escorting our amiable visitor to the door,” Holmes went on drolly, “I took the liberty of extracting, from his greatcoat pocket, this document;  which, as you can observe --“  (here Holmes held it forth to the near-sighted priest) “is a train schedule, upon which the name of a certain provincial station is circled in pencil:  one located no otherwhere than in … Levonshire!  Whither I am off, incontinently, before it shall be too late!”
            And on this note of triumph, he gathered his pistol, stuck on his deerstalker, then strode purposefully out the door.

~

            Like his colleague Freud, Holmes was minutely observant in his way, and able to winkle out clues from cigar-ash as readily as the great alienist could read an entire psyche in a wisp of dream or slip of the tongue;  still he was not truly what can be called a menschenkenner. (Freud, on the testimony of his intimates, suffered from the same defect.)  For one thing, he lacked all commonality of interest with his beer-and-skittles-relishing, wench-bottom-pinching fellow men:  going further in this regard,  even than the intensely cerebral Viennese physician, who at least had entered into ordinary matrimony.   Brown, by contrast, enjoyed a game of skittles as well as anything or anyone, though he had seldom had time for this in later years;  and though his clerical collar had of necessity kept him from the wenches (Holmes abstaining likewise, though for different reasons), still he looked very kindly upon the youthful exuberance, with its occasional indiscretions, which, please Providence, might lead on to marriage.

            Alone now, as he so often was after his exertions, Father Brown sat awhile in silence in the great man’s room.    He did not move to examine the many strange and curious objets d’art, crowding the mantelpiece and strewn strategically about the room, with which a more inquisitive visitor, or one more versed in the rarified pleasures of virtù,  would have eagerly occupied himself;  but rather sat contemplating the mystery -- the real one -- not the mystery of the lad’s location, for that was evident enough, but that of the young man, who had committed a rash and criminal act,  and who would sin so far as to separate the poor bear from its cap, yet not so far as to separate the boy from his bear.  Tired now, with a more than human weariness, Father Brown shut his eyes, and for a time appeared to nap.  Yet then, opening them completely refreshed, he said aloud:  “You know, I am feeling peckish.  I think I shall have some more of that chocolate.”

~

            Some hours passed;  and there passed as well, events, and confessions, words uttered in confidence, which we have no authority to relate.   Big Ben in the distance was tolling the onset of evening, when a dusty and defeated Holmes  trudged in at the door.   “Not a trail -- not a trace!  And the villain will by now be over the border.   I may have to turn the whole thing over to Lestrade.  How he will laugh at me!”
            He glanced irritably towards the chair in which he had left his guest, but, finding him not there, looked further about, and then, in astonishment, and something like consternation, beheld him at the other end of the room, seated at a little round table, which had been set with saucers each bearing a chocolate, and three fresh little napkins with the heraldic dancing beasts.  This modest feast Brown was enjoying in the company of little lord Euston, and (making a third) the bear (who so far had not touched his plate; quite possibly the young master must finish it for him).
            Noticing his host’s return, and breaking off the animated festivities which he had been enjoying with his two commensals, Brown welcomed the new arrival, generously offering him part of his own chocolate-bar.   Then, realizing that some explanation was in order, he added:  “Oh, I spoke to the man, and he told me where he had hidden the boy.  Just in the back room, actually, where he was being entertained by the barmaid.”
            “And where,” uttered Holmes, with difficulty maintaining his composure, “was that?”
            Here Father Brown lowered his eyes in some confusion.  “The pub just round the corner, in the next street over.  The, er, ‘Unicorn and Lion’;  I noticed it as I was walking to your lodgings.”
            Here Holmes had the unaccustomed weakness, or perhaps it was decency, actually to color slightly.
            “Well, good, that will count in his favor at his sentencing.”
            Father Brown shrugged.
            “But -- Surely you called a policeman!  Don’t tell me you let him get away.  Great Scott, man, did he escape?”
            Father Brown returned gravely:   “He had a very narrow escape indeed.”
            “But -- But why did he do it in the first place, only to then go and blow the whole game?    And his dangerous accomplices are still at large!  Tell me everything he said, man, it may contain vital clues as to their whereabouts.”
            Father Brown seemed unconcerned.  “Oh, I shouldn’t worry about any ‘accomplices’.  What matters is that two souls for now are safe, that had been in peril.   As for the details of his Confession, that is under Seal.”
            It took Holmes a moment to react.  Two?  Was there -- a second hostage?”  He looked uncertainly about the room, but encountered only that most unlikely kidnapee or object of ransom, the bear.    Between each of these, his attention flitted, until, admitting defeat, it came to rest -- like the very meerschaum in its stand --upon the mantelpiece, chocked with all varieties of Oriental knick-knacks, which no longer, just at present, had power to exert any sort of  charm, then rose to the glass in self-reflection.  And then he became very quiet.
            “Perhaps indeed three,” said Father Brown.

The key that cracked the case


            Holmes sighed, regaining his wry good humor.  “Well, the fellow’s off with his own skin, for now at any rate --“
            “For now, at any rate,” agreed Father Brown.  “The road ahead is full of peril, both for him and more especially for the duke-to-be.”
            “-- and though he managed to avoid capture, still at least he is no shilling the richer for all his efforts and elaborate schemes.”
            “Actually, two shillings the poorer, “said Brown.  “You see, he paid for the chocolates.”



~
Noch seltsamer -- Sherlock Holmes begegnet Sigmund Freud:
Lesen Sie das kostenfrei.
~
~

For additional fine detective fiction, try this site:




~

This little exercise is in the spirit of Maurice Leblanc’s Arsène Lupin contre Herlock Sholmès (1906 f.)

“Euh… C’est élémentaire, mon cher …”

For an alternate rapprochement,  try this:


~

The essence of that narrative, is the yin-yang complementarity between the brain and the heart -- the mind and the soul.   And the reason that Father Brown was able to penetrate to the heart of this case, where it eluded the brilliant insights of Holmes, is that he was able to detect that saving grace -- that pinpoint of light -- in the heart of darkness of this particular sinner.   Such was the immortal portrait we had, of the Bishop and Jean Valjean;  and such is the import of


(Click here, to hear the author reading  this telling fragment of Murphy on the Mount.)

Wednesday, March 5, 2014

Saint Sherlock’s Ontological Argument


A reader going by the handle of “solspot”  has a very fine comment  here:


My dear Horgan, it’s elementary:
Neither atheist, theist nor agnostic could prove or disprove their beliefs to Holmes’ satisfaction (otherwise, it would lack the primary quality of faith). Holmes would require deduction; that is, eliminate the impossible.
1. It would be impossible for a human to be accountable for their actions without free will. Holmes obviously believes that humans are accountable for crimes; ergo, Holmes believes that humans have free will.
2. Likewise, Holmes believes in an absolute morality because it is entailed by free will.
3. It is impossible to have an absolute morality without a transcendent purpose of that morality; otherwise the morality is simply relative to each person (this was Moriarty’s logical error!).
4. The transcendent purpose is Holmes’ God, his raison d’etre, without which logic itself does not exist!

As the shamus Jerome once said:  "Ratio donum divinum est,  et sic ipsa est divinae consors naturae."

Sunday, March 2, 2014

Rocking the Boat


She pushed away the plate of soup unfinished, and planted her elbows on the table.  Slipping her hands under the sleeves of her kimono, she began, lightly, delicately, with the tips of her fingers, to caress her own arms.   How smooth they were, how soft and warm, and how secret  under the sleeves.
-- Aldous Huxley, Antic Hay (1923)

Having an idle hour at my disposal,  I take the liberty, contre mon habitude, of jotting down a little note concerning an amusing interview -- an incident, merely, no more than that, nothing rising to the level of an Adventure or a Case -- at which my polygraphic friend and amanuensis  Doctor Watson did not assist,  so that, unless I write it up myself, it must be lost to history.

It was a sunny autumn day.  I was contentedly at work on my monograph, Über die Methoden und Entdeckung der weiblichen Onanie (privately printed), when Mrs Hudson, the housekeeper, announced a Miss Kitzler, and ushered her into my chambers.   She proved to be a pretty brunette of around twenty years of age, fashionably and tastefully dressed in pink and crème de camélia,  with bobbed hair, bright eyes, damask cheeks, and a well-turned ankle visible beneath her crinolines:  quite a palate-pleasing specimen, I assessed, were I subject to the attractions of such things.  But what most arrested the attention was her wearing, though the weather was not chilly,  a rich muff of silver fir, inside which her hands could be perceived to be slowly revolving.

“Il y a quelque-chose pour vous, là-dedans…”


She alighted on the seat indicated, and sat primly, her knees pressed together beneath her dress.  “I dreamt” she said without preface “of a little man in a boat”.

At this  I laughed heartily, and refilled my pipe.  “You seem to have mistaken these lodgings for those of my esteemed colleague Herr Doktor Freud, who practices in the next street over.  He is an alienist by training, whereas I am a detective.  My practice concerns the investigation of crime;  while his, by contrast, is the unearthing of the concealment of a crime.”

This all seemed rather to go over her head, for she took no notice, but began fidgeting in her chair, and then went on.  “It is concerning a crime that I consult you.”

“R-real-ly,” I drawled, amused.  “You interest me exceedingly.  And just which might this ‘crime’ amount to?”  I puffed at my pipe, and penetrated her with my gaze.

Here she flushed.  “A--  a child is being beaten,” she managed to stammer, and then fell silent.

I made no response, thus forcing her to go on.

“A -- child is being beaten, a child is being beaten,” she chanted, rocking rhythmically back and forth in her chair.  

I fear I may have so strayed from my gaming-face as to cock a skeptical eyebrow.  “I see.  And just -- where is this … child?”  Knowing full well that it was “in the boat”.

At this she flushed crimson, and turned her face away.  “How -- dare you.”

Thereupon I smiled, not unkindly.  “I have just the thing for you,”  I said.  And, tearing a prescription-blank from Dr Watson’s pad, I wrote out, in a bold hand,

Veretrum normale -- dosim repetatur.

She nodded a curt acknowledgement, took the sheet, and whisked out of the room.



 ~
The enigma of a woman’s heart,
finally espied  by a Private Eye,
for less than the price  of a Valentine …
This Rose
[Kindle]  [Nook]


[Update, 16 March 2014/1914]   One hundred years ago to the day:  the assassination of Gaston Calmette, editor in chief of Le Figaro.   Illustrating other useful applications of the muff:

L'épouse du ministre, Henriette Caillaux, après la publication par Calmette d'une lettre signée "Ton Jo" que l'homme politique avait adressée à sa future épouse, alors qu'elle n'était encore que sa maîtresse et qu'il était marié à Berthe Gueydan3, se rend à la rédaction du journal, tue son directeur, qui venait de recevoir l'écrivain Paul Bourget, en vidant le chargeur de son pistolet automatique (un Browning modèle sac à main  caché dans son manchon).

Psychological side-note:   It was not only the wrist-muff that proved useful to the murderess (in concealing the murder-weapon), but the nether one as well.   In view of the attractions of the latter, the jury simply acquited her:  she served no time, and paid no fine.

For the best in detective fiction,
check out the website of those wise-cracking, gat-packing Private Eyes,
the Murphy Brothers:


[Sidenote:   As well, a simple parasol, may serve as a handy murder-weapon, for a lady so equipped.    Read all about it here (footnote at the end of the essay): ]

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Saturday, March 1, 2014

From the Case-Files


[Soundtrack for this episode:

(1)  The Adventure of the Botanical Monograph


I was alone with Holmes in his upstairs lodgings, one dreary February late-afternoon, which  in shading into evening, turned but from a wan  to a gloomier grey,  myself flipping fretfully through the evening papers  in a vain search for something to distract my dyspepsia, while Holmes sat deep in a brown study -- a burnt-umber study -- pondering I knew not what, motionless but for his long and bony fingers drumming a slow but steady devil’s tattoo, which (truth to tell) was beginning to play upon my nerves.  It was, then, with something of relief, when we heard a muffled knock at the downstairs door, followed by a brief exchange of words, not individually audible, but among which I could make out the familiar tones of Mrs Hudson, our housekeeper, then booted footsteps leading up the stairs to our rooms.

“Come in, sir!” barked Holmes, before even our visitor could rap or otherwise announce himself.  “You’ll be wanting to rest your legs after your long walk through the London fog, the moreso as you have been limping on your left leg.”
            The door opened, and a gentleman  a bit above the middle age  stood on the threshold, somewhat flushed, whether from his recent exertions (which themselves presented something of a mystery, whose meaning I could not divine, since  to all appearances  he could easily have afforded a hansom and spared himself the effort) or from (perhaps additionally) some discomfort at having thus been so cleanly pinned to the descriptive butterfly-board, sight unseen.  It is indeed disconcerting when Holmes indulges in such show-offy flights of transspection;  one always wonders whether he might likewise be discerning disorders yet deeper than shortness of breath or a game leg.
            “I--“ the stranger stammered.
            “Come in, Mr Landstrasser, come in, come in!” cried Holmes, suddenly all hospitality, waving our visitor over to a comfortable chair by the hearth, and proceeding to the sideboard, from which he retrieved a cut-glass flagon.  “Brandy?” he enquired, with a lift of one brow and holding forth the flask;  then set it down again, adding, “But I forgot;  you don’t drink.”
            For a moment our guest was predictably nonplussed, but then relaxed and almost smiled.  “I’ve heard tell of these diagnostic tricks of yours, Mr Holmes,” he said, good-sportingly enough.  “I won’t inquire how you arrived at your conclusions, which are of course quite accurate.”
            Holmes shrugged off the compliment, if such it was, simply murmuring “Elementary” under his breath, before likewise taking up a chair before the fire, and, steepling his fingers, gave the visitor his full attention.  “Proceed.”

            “I have come to you,” he began directly, manfully taking the bull by the horns, with no coyness or shilly-shally, “about a most delicate subject,  -- But perhaps you have already guessed what it is?”  This last was said as though in teasing jest, a tiny thrust at Holmes’ rather irksome habit of intrusive insights, but possibly also privately wondering whether such might actually somehow be the case.
            “No, no,” said Holmes with a dry and deprecating laugh, “I assure you, I have not the faintest idea.  That you have been lately bereaved of a loved-one, after a long illness,  and that you harbor growing concerns about your unavowed ipsigeneric paraphilia -- which you disguise very well, and do well to disguise, --“  Brought up short by an annoyed expression from our visitor, Holmes let the sentence end unfinished, and went on in a more matter-of-fact voice.  “But these are conditions that you have been living with for some time, and I do not suppose that they supplied the crisis that sent you forth from your house in such haste, without even pausing to collect your gloves--“  A glance at his red chapped hands confirmed the accuracy of this observation “-- and halfway across London to Baker Street, where you have been pacing up and down upon the sidewalk beneath these windows for the past ten minutes, before working up the courage to knock. -- You have my full attention.”
            “Quite correct,” our visitor said, less stunned by this effrontery than one might have expected, though I personally was not surprised:  the secret of his inversion was something he had been carrying about in his bosom for many years, no doubt since the first fumblings at Eton, and as a physician I can report that, though such a habitus may, in a well-regulated gentleman such as our visitor, be imperceptible to a layman, yet the sufferer himself goes through life as self-consciously as though covered richly in pimples.   In any event he went on, still self-composed,  “The matter at hand does not concern my affective life -- which is, at all events” (he added with a touch of asperity) “entirely my own affair.”  He paused, as though in challenge, and Holmes nodded assent.
            “The problem rather involves a … an object;  a simple … item, but one whose presence I cannot explain.  I found it in the drawer of my escritoire.”
            “I see,” said Holmes, nodding.  “Have you perchance brought along this … item, with you?” he added  in a sort of counter-challenge of his own, knowing that the visitor had not.
            Our guest shook his head in something like embarrassment or irritation.  “No I -- forgot.  Clean slipped my mind.”
            “Well, no matter,” said Holmes easily.  “It wouldn’t have fit into your greatcoat pocket in any case, the moreso as the latter is already largely occupied by your service revolver.”
            “Yes, ah -- a souvenir from the Crimea,” returned our guest, coloring slightly.  “That’s where I got this leg.”

~

By now I had set the newssheet aside, and was discreetly taking notes.  If the reader imagines that these narratives  which it has been my privilege to lay before the public over the years, are spun out of mere memory, long after the events, he does me too much credit:  my mnemonic powers are no more than average.  But I conscientiously take copious notes. 

            “It was,” continued our visitor, warming to his own tale, “a sort of monograph or notebook, bound in dark morocco, and imprinted in the lower corner of the cover with a monogram in an alphabet I did not recognize.”
            Holmes motioned for him to proceed.
            “I turned it over in my hands in some perplexity, as though mere handling of the object might induce it to give up its secrets, for I could not imagine how it could have made its way into my drawer, which is always kept locked.  Moreover, the discretion of my manservant, who has been with me for upwards of twenty years, can absolutely be relied upon--“
            Holmes interrupted with an impatient wave;  he was not interested in the details of some puerile Locked Room Mystery.
            “Thus at length, with reluctance, I opened the cover.”
            Holmes visibly tensed.
            “Then what was my bafflement at beholding, on the title page, in large gothic letters,

Das Seelenleben der Pflanzen:
eine intime Monographie.
Vom Herrn Dr. N. Landstrasser verfasst.

            Holmes, seeming startled, dropped his pipe and stared.
            “On each page,” he continued, “was depicted a different herb, etched in the style of Linnaeus, labeled in Latin, and delicately tinted with watercolor.  But what most astonished me was that, pinned to each page, was an actual specimen of the plant itself, dried and pressed -- these must have been assembled by a master botanist over the course of travels around half the globe, not omitting Tibet and Patagonia.”
            Holmes, by now, was growing visibly disturbed.
            “I had been especially admiring the depiction of the Cyclamen cyprium, one of my favorite plants, most artistically depicted, and to the accompanying specimen of which there seemed to cling, though dried and faded, a distant fragrance, as though of Mediterranean meadows. 
            “And yet, turning the page, what was my horror upon finding--“  (here he paused for effect) “-- a portrait of a professionally well-known medicinal specific, lately much investigated in Vienna, but without a specimen attached.  It yields an alkaloid with which I believe you are familiar, Mr Holmes.”
            Erythroxylum coca,” Holmes muttered;  and his voice was hoarse.
            “Now, the problem, as you will already have gathered, was this:  Whoever could have abstracted and made off with that specimen  -- who so desperate as to force the drawer in a locked room of a house well shut-up for the night, circled by a spike-topped wrought-iron fence, its grounds guarded by savage mastiffs?  -- Naturally I though of … coming to … you.”
           
            At this, Holmes leapt to his feet.
            “R-r-raus !” he shouted, flinging our visitor his cape and cane, his straight arm pointing rigidly towards the door.
            I stared dumbstruck.
            Weg mit Dir, du Schuft.  So’n Schabernack, ‘ne Schweinerei.   Diese sogenannte ‘Monographie’ hast Du nicht mit Dir gebracht, weil es sowas gar nicht gibt!  His voice gave way, and he stood mutely trembling with rage, as our guest, no longer limping, left laughing  by the door.

            “Moriarty,”  I thought, suddenly grasping the situation.  “You fiend.”

~ ~ ~
*
Für psychologisch tiefgreifende Krimis,
in pikanter amerikanischer Mundart,
und christlich gesinnt,
klicken Sie bitte hier:

*

(2)  Der Traum vom einsamen Radfahrer

Es war eben nur kurz nach meiner Promovierung zum Doktor der Medizin, als ich noch mich als Forscher im Physiologischen Institut Brückes in Wien tätig machte, da kam es zu mir im Labor  eine mir bisher unbekannte junge Dame -- fast würde ich sagen, ein aufgeblümtes Mädchen -- in herkömmlicher Volkstracht;  diese äußerte sich bescheiden, ob ich vielleicht der Herr Doktor S. Freud wäre.   Ich bejahte knapp -- denn es war mir in jenen Tagen  viel zu viel zu verrichten aufgeladen: “Bin Arzt”, und zuckte die Achseln.
Leicht lächelnd.  “Mm.  Und was für denn einer?”
“Bin Nervenarzt.” 
“Also Nerrrven-arzt,” sagte sie, nachdenkend.
Ich blieb stumm, und starrte sie an.
“Aber… doch so … wenn ich störe …” und machte sich daran, sich zu entfernen.
“Ach nee -- Herein.  ‘tschüldigung.  Bißle überarbeitet, jetzt im Augenblick.  Aber bitte.”  Und ich lud sie ein, sich niederzusetzen.

Das tat sie eben, mit wohlerzogener Niedlichkeit;  worauf mein Herz hörte momentan auf, zu klopfen …

“To what do I owe the honour?” frug ich -- auf englisch;  weiß nicht genau warum.  Und dann erstaunte, als sie mich  leise, und auf leicht provinziel-gefärbter Sprechweise, ansprechend bat, einen Traum von ihr zu deuten.

“Einen Traum?  Aber weshalb stören Sich mich, ein so erbärmlich kleinliches Ding, oder Unding vielmehr!  Das ist alles ja doch nur sovieso Quatsch im Kopf -- vergessen Sie das lieber!”
“J-ja, das wissen Sie bestens, Herr Doktor;  aber wenn Sie doch meine Lubie nichtsdestoweniger  schon gütigst dulden möchten, die kitzelt mich und kitzelt, wie der Ohrwurm im Ohr!”

Ich überlegte eine Weile (aber was ich mir nur da alles überlegte, blieb mir zunächst unklar), und dann willigte ein.
“Aber doch nit hier, im Labor.  Bin beschäftigt und,  nu, was weiß ich -- all die Leute, hinaus, herein … Sie möchten ganz bequem hinauf zu mir in die Bude kommen, diesen Abend, nach Arbeitsschluss.”  Und ich nannte ihr die Strasse.

Das mochte sie gern.  Sie ließ mir ihre Karte, und ging weg.



"Wenn ich komme, 
küsse ich Dich
rot und dick …”

~

Ganz wie verabredet, kam sie zu mir, die lange dunkle Treppe hinauf, bis ins Logis. 
Ich fühlte mich ein bißchen verlegen, als wäre diese Verabredung ein “rendezvous”, ein “Stelldichein”.   Was gar nicht der Fall war.

Sie trat ein, und liess ihre Nerz-Stola langsam von Schultern hinabgleiten.  Dann setzte sie sich.

Ich wollte nicht plaudern, nur die medizinische Angelegenheit verrichten und dann -- Schluss damit.
“Nun ja also.  Zur Sache.”
Ich sah sie an.  Sie erwiderte meinen Blick, aber ohne zu reden.
“Den Traum, bitte, wenn Sie wollen.”
Sie überlegte ein weilchen;  endlich sprach sie.
“Ein Mann.”
“Ein ... Mann,” wiederholte ich, unsicher.
“Auf einem Fahrrad.”
“Auf -- na und?”
“-- Ist alles.”
Da fing ich an, eifrig meine Brille zu polieren, um einen Augenblick zum Nachdenken freizuhaben.  “Nun, meine gnädige -- allerdings --  wenn ich nur fragen darf -- Was ist denn das für ein Satz?  Ihm fehlt das Zeitwort, ohne wessen ein Satz ist lahm!  Subjekt, meinetwegen -- aber Prädikat, mein gnädiges Fräulein, ich bitte beflissen -- Prädikat!”
Ihre Augen sanken ab.  “Noch gibt’s keines.”
Einen Seufzer.  “Nun ja denn, so soll es sein.  Bis nächstes mal.”

~

Merkwürdigerweise, träumte ich jene Nacht, und zwar so:  daß ich selbst auf einem Fahrrad sass, ganz im Lande, und -- sie verfolgte …


~

Es verging dann drei Wochen, ohne dass sie zu mir im Labor käme;  ich meinte, sie hatte mich wahrscheinlich vergessen.  Sie aber vergass ich gar nicht.
Dann plötzlich, einen Sonntagmorgen sogar, da ich ganz allein im Labor mich bei meinen Versuchen beschäftigte, trat sie ein, diesmal ohne mal anzuklopfen.


Sie setzte sich, und ohne weiteres, sagte vorher:  “Ich habe einen Traum gemacht.”
Als wär’ ich nur leicht interessiert.  “Na und?  Was für einer?”
Leicht errötend.  “Denselben.”
“Sie haben jenen Traum also wieder- und weiter-geträumt?”
Und dann, ohne zu antworten -- stand sie plötzlich auf, und floh aus dem Zimmer!

[ Fortzusetzen/To be continued … ]


[Still unwritten:  Note to self.
Have an interlude in which Freud goes about his business in the town, without thinking overtly of his visitor.
He wonders if he will run into her -- in the small world of Vienna -- but he does not.  No:  It is the enclosed hothouse of the laboratory -- and of his own dream-world -- in which alone her existence is privileged.

Dazu -- at this early date in Freud's career:  Hypnosis!]



{ For further particulars,  compare our essay here. }



{{  And for a similarly enigmatic Übertragung-based mystery,
try this  }}

{{{ For additional Victoriana,  this  }}}


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